Vaccinium myrtillus L. – Blueberry Sam. Ericaceae – Strongly branched shrub Brusnichnoe height of 15-50 cm stems are thin, ribbed, green. Leaves alternate, ovate, serrulate at the edges, glabrous or light green, deciduous. Flowers solitary (2) on short stalks in the axils of upper leaves.
Corolla urceolate-globose, reddish or greenish-pink. The fruit is spherical, many-seeded berry with a bluish black coating on the surface. It flowers from May to July. Distribution. It grows in coniferous enlightened and broad-leaved forests and shrubs (mostly spruce, pine and beech) on gravelly and rocky glades, alpine pastures and peat bogs. Found throughout Europe (in the south only in the mountains). Raw materials.
Used as raw leaves (Folia Myrtilli) and fruit (Fructus Myrtilli). The leaves are dried at temperatures up to 45eC, and fruit after the evaporation of most of the moisture from them, finally dried at a temperature of 60-70 C. Fruits have pleasant sweet-sour astringent taste. Content. The leaves contain up to 20% tannins, flavonoids, vitamin C, ursolic acid and a small amount of essential oil. Dried fruits contain 5-10% tannins, sugars, pectin-free organic acids, vitamin C, anthocyanin pigment and other main effect. Adstringentnoe (astringent), anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic. Experimental data. The experiments revealed that a decoction of blueberries for 24 hours sterilizes in vitro culture medium, infected B. coli, bacillus and bacillus Ebert Gertner. In experiments on dogs Poulsson observed hypoglycemic effect. It is established that contained in the leaves glycoside neamirtilin lowers blood sugar in experimental diabetes in animals aloksanovom. Empirical data. In folk medicine, bilberry fruit in many countries is used to treat gastro-intestinal disorders, inflammatory processes in the mouth, gingivitis, aftah, tonsillitis, pharyngitis. Winternitz) treats are hard to treat other opiates and astringent decoction of chronic diarrhea blueberries. He also applies them in external treatment of eczema. Leclerc argues that people with diabetes who developed ulcerative stomatitis, works best mouthwash decoction of blueberries. Decoction of leaves of blackberry, along with a decoction of Mulberry leaves are used in the initial diabetes. Bart, Rayhery Levind and managed to eliminate sugar in the urine of diabetics, a decoction of the leaves of bilberry, and this is in any case not accompanied by a decrease in blood glucose levels. Some authors argue that the decoction of the leaves of blueberry and has hypotonic effect on patients with high blood pressure. In fresh or stewed blueberries in the form recommended for treatment of diabetic retinopathy. It is believed that anthocyanosides improve vision. In folk medicine, bilberry is used: for diarrhea – a few pieces of dried fruit or fresh blueberries well chewed over short intervals of time and then swallow, with stomach pain take 10-12 drops of an alcohol infusion of blueberries (on a sugar cube) or with a dollop of warm water or wine (alcoholic extract of bilberry prepared as follows: 8 tablespoons blueberries to put in a bottle for half a liter, pour clean vodka or rubbing alcohol, stand for months), with chronic rheumatism use a decoction of 40 grams of fruit that is cooked 20 minutes per 200 g of water – drink 5-6 tablespoons per day for a long period of time. Method of application. In the form of tinctures, broths and jams. Rp. Fructus Myrtilli 100,0 DS for 2 teaspoons of cold 300 g of extract (endure 8 hours and then strain) – the daily dose (for diarrhea). – Use of Medicinal Plants